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10-Fold Serial Dilution Formula:
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A 10-fold serial dilution is a stepwise dilution method where each step dilutes the sample by a factor of 10. This technique is commonly used in microbiology, biochemistry, and analytical chemistry to create a series of concentrations for various applications.
The calculator uses the 10-fold serial dilution formula:
Where:
Explanation: Each dilution step reduces the concentration by a factor of 10, making it easy to create a logarithmic concentration series.
Details: Serial dilutions are essential for creating standard curves, determining unknown concentrations, preparing samples for analysis, and conducting microbiological assays where precise concentration gradients are required.
Tips: Enter the initial concentration in appropriate units and the number of 10-fold dilutions. The calculator will determine the final concentration after the specified number of dilutions.
Q1: What units should I use for concentration?
A: You can use any concentration units (mg/mL, M, %, etc.) as long as you're consistent. The result will be in the same units as your initial concentration.
Q2: How many dilutions can I perform?
A: There's no theoretical limit, but practical limitations include the detection limit of your analytical method and the minimum volume you can accurately handle.
Q3: What's the difference between serial and parallel dilution?
A: Serial dilution uses the diluted sample from the previous step to make the next dilution, while parallel dilution makes all dilutions directly from the original stock.
Q4: When should I use 10-fold serial dilutions?
A: Use them when you need a logarithmic concentration series, such as for creating standard curves, determining minimum inhibitory concentrations, or preparing samples for quantitative analysis.
Q5: How accurate are serial dilutions?
A: Accuracy depends on proper technique, including accurate pipetting, thorough mixing, and using clean equipment. Each dilution step compounds any errors from previous steps.