1. What is the Dilution Formula?

The dilution formula \( C_f = C_i \times \frac{V_i}{V_f} \) calculates the final concentration of a solution after dilution. This is based on the principle that the amount of solute remains constant during the dilution process.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution formula:

Where:

• \( C_f \) — Final concentration (M)
• \( C_i \) — Initial concentration (M)
• \( V_i \) — Initial volume (L)
• \( V_f \) — Final volume (L)

Explanation: The formula maintains the conservation of mass principle, where the number of moles of solute remains unchanged during dilution.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential in chemistry laboratories for preparing solutions of desired concentrations, which is critical for experiments, analytical procedures, and industrial processes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial concentration in M (moles per liter), initial volume in L, and final volume in L. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can this formula be used for any solute?
A: Yes, the dilution formula applies to any solute as long as the concentration units are consistent.

Q2: What if volumes are in different units?
A: Ensure all volume units are the same (convert if necessary) before calculation.

Q3: Does this work for concentrated H2SO4 dilution?
A: Yes, but be cautious as diluting concentrated H2SO4 generates heat and should be done carefully.

Q4: What is the range of valid input values?
A: All concentrations and volumes must be positive numbers. V_f must be greater than V_i for dilution.

Q5: How precise are the results?
A: Results are rounded to 4 decimal places for clarity, but actual precision depends on measurement accuracy.