Dilute Stock Solution Calculator

Dilution Formula:

\[ V_{stock} = \frac{C_{final} \times V_{final}}{C_{stock}} \]

Stock Volume (V_stock):

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1. What is the Dilution Formula?

The dilution formula \( V_{stock} = \frac{C_{final} \times V_{final}}{C_{stock}} \) calculates the volume of stock solution needed to achieve a desired concentration and volume. This fundamental chemistry equation is essential for preparing solutions in laboratories and various scientific applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution formula:

\[ V_{stock} = \frac{C_{final} \times V_{final}}{C_{stock}} \]

Where:

\( V_{stock} \) — Volume of stock solution needed (mL)
\( C_{final} \) — Desired final concentration (M)
\( V_{final} \) — Desired final volume (mL)
\( C_{stock} \) — Concentration of stock solution (M)

Explanation: The formula calculates how much stock solution you need to dilute to achieve your target concentration and volume.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are crucial for preparing solutions with precise concentrations in chemical experiments, medical laboratories, pharmaceutical preparations, and various scientific research applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all concentrations in molarity (M), volumes in milliliters (mL). All values must be positive numbers. The stock concentration must be greater than the final concentration for valid dilution.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What if my stock concentration is lower than desired final concentration?
A: The dilution formula cannot concentrate solutions. You would need to start with a stock solution that has higher concentration than your target final concentration.

Q2: Can I use different concentration units?
A: Yes, but all concentration units must be consistent (all in M, mM, μM, etc.) and all volume units must be consistent (all in mL, L, etc.).

Q3: What about the diluent volume?
A: The diluent volume is calculated as \( V_{final} - V_{stock} \). Always add stock to diluent, not vice versa, for better mixing.

Q4: Are there limitations to this formula?
A: This formula assumes ideal solutions and doesn't account for volume changes due to mixing (though for dilute aqueous solutions, this is negligible).

Q5: How precise should my measurements be?
A: Use volumetric glassware appropriate for your required precision. For most applications, Class A glassware provides sufficient accuracy.