1. What is the Dilution Formula?

The dilution formula calculates the final concentration of a solution after dilution. It is based on the principle that the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution, while the volume changes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution formula:

Where:

• \( C_f \) — Final concentration (ng/mL)
• \( C_i \) — Initial concentration (ng/mL)
• \( V_i \) — Initial volume (mL)
• \( V_f \) — Final volume (mL)

Explanation: The formula maintains the conservation of mass principle, where the product of concentration and volume remains constant before and after dilution.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are crucial in laboratory settings, pharmaceutical preparations, and chemical experiments to achieve desired concentrations for accurate measurements and safe applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial concentration in ng/mL, initial volume in mL, and final volume in mL. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What units should I use for the inputs?
A: Use ng/mL for concentration and mL for volume. Ensure all units are consistent for accurate results.

Q2: Can I use this calculator for other concentration units?
A: Yes, as long as you maintain consistent units throughout (e.g., mg/mL, μg/mL), the formula works the same way.

Q3: What if my final volume is less than initial volume?
A: This would represent concentration rather than dilution, but the formula still applies mathematically.

Q4: How precise are the calculations?
A: The calculator provides results with 4 decimal places for precision, but actual precision depends on your measurement accuracy.

Q5: Can I calculate reverse dilutions with this formula?
A: Yes, the formula can be rearranged to solve for any of the variables if you know the other three.