1. What is the Dilution Formula?

The dilution formula calculates the final concentration of a solution after dilution. It's based on the principle that the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution, while the volume changes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution formula:

Where:

• \( C_f \) — Final concentration (ng/μL)
• \( C_i \) — Initial concentration (ng/μL)
• \( V_i \) — Initial volume (μL)
• \( V_f \) — Final volume (μL)

Explanation: The formula maintains the conservation of mass principle, where the product of initial concentration and volume equals the product of final concentration and volume.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are crucial in molecular biology, chemistry, and pharmaceutical preparations to achieve desired concentrations for experiments and applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial concentration in ng/μL, initial volume in μL, and final volume in μL. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What units should I use for this calculator?
A: This calculator uses ng/μL for concentration and μL for volume. Make sure all inputs are in these consistent units.

Q2: Can I use this for serial dilutions?
A: This calculator calculates single-step dilutions. For serial dilutions, you would need to calculate each step sequentially.

Q3: What if my final volume is less than initial volume?
A: The formula still works mathematically, but practically this would represent concentration rather than dilution, which may not be physically possible without adding more solute.

Q4: How precise are the calculations?
A: The calculator provides results with 4 decimal places, but actual precision depends on the accuracy of your measurements and equipment.

Q5: Can this be used for other concentration units?
A: While designed for ng/μL, the formula works for any consistent concentration units (e.g., mg/mL, μg/L) as long as all units match.