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Molarity Formula:
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Molarity (M) is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. For NaOH solutions, it indicates how many moles of sodium hydroxide are present in one liter of the solution.
The calculator uses the molarity formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula calculates the concentration by dividing the mass of NaOH by the product of its molecular weight and the volume of the solution.
Details: Accurate molarity calculation is essential for preparing chemical solutions, conducting experiments, titration procedures, and ensuring proper reaction stoichiometry in laboratory and industrial settings.
Tips: Enter the mass of NaOH in grams and the volume of solution in liters. Both values must be positive numbers. The calculator will automatically use the molecular weight of NaOH (40 g/mol) in the calculation.
Q1: Why is the molecular weight of NaOH 40 g/mol?
A: Sodium (Na) has an atomic weight of 23 g/mol, oxygen (O) 16 g/mol, and hydrogen (H) 1 g/mol. Adding these gives NaOH molecular weight = 23 + 16 + 1 = 40 g/mol.
Q2: Can I use different units for mass and volume?
A: The calculator requires grams for mass and liters for volume. Convert other units accordingly before calculation (e.g., mg to g, mL to L).
Q3: What is a typical molarity range for NaOH solutions?
A: Common NaOH solutions range from 0.1M to 6M, depending on the application. Concentrated NaOH is approximately 19M.
Q4: Why is accurate molarity important in titrations?
A: Precise molarity ensures accurate calculation of unknown concentrations and proper stoichiometric relationships in acid-base reactions.
Q5: How should NaOH solutions be handled safely?
A: NaOH is corrosive. Wear appropriate PPE, handle in well-ventilated areas, and add NaOH to water slowly (not water to NaOH) to avoid violent reactions.