1. What is the Dilution Formula?

The dilution formula \( C_f = C_i \times \frac{V_i}{V_f} \) calculates the final concentration of a solution after dilution, where \( C_i \) is the initial concentration, \( V_i \) is the initial volume, and \( V_f \) is the final volume after dilution.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution formula:

Where:

• \( C_f \) — Final concentration (ppm)
• \( C_i \) — Initial concentration (ppm)
• \( V_i \) — Initial volume (L)
• \( V_f \) — Final volume (L)

Explanation: The formula demonstrates that the final concentration is proportional to the initial concentration and the ratio of initial to final volumes.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculation

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential in laboratory settings, pharmaceutical preparations, environmental testing, and various scientific experiments where precise concentration measurements are required.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial concentration in ppm, initial volume in liters, and final volume in liters. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does ppm stand for?
A: PPM stands for parts per million, which is a unit of concentration equal to 1 milligram per liter (mg/L) for aqueous solutions.

Q2: Can this calculator be used for other concentration units?
A: While designed for ppm, the same formula applies to any consistent concentration units (mg/L, μg/mL, etc.), as long as all units are the same.

Q3: What if I need to calculate initial concentration instead?
A: The formula can be rearranged as \( C_i = C_f \times \frac{V_f}{V_i} \) to calculate initial concentration from final values.

Q4: Are there limitations to this formula?
A: This formula assumes perfect mixing and that the solute doesn't react with the solvent or change volume upon dissolution.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The calculation is mathematically precise. Accuracy depends on the precision of your input measurements and proper laboratory technique.