1. What is the Dilution Formula?

The dilution formula \( V_s = \frac{C_f \times V_f}{C_i} \) calculates the volume of stock solution needed to prepare a desired concentration and volume of diluted solution. This is based on the principle of conservation of mass in dilution processes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution equation:

Where:

• \( V_s \) — Stock volume (mL)
• \( C_f \) — Final concentration (M)
• \( V_f \) — Final volume (mL)
• \( C_i \) — Initial concentration (M)

Explanation: The formula calculates how much of the concentrated stock solution you need to dilute to achieve your desired concentration and volume.

3. Importance of Accurate Dilution

Details: Precise dilution calculations are essential in laboratory settings for preparing solutions with exact concentrations needed for experiments, assays, and various chemical processes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter final concentration in M, final volume in mL, and initial concentration in M. All values must be valid positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What if my concentrations are in different units?
A: Ensure all concentration values use the same units (M, mM, μM, etc.) before calculation.

Q2: Can I use this for serial dilutions?
A: This calculator is designed for single-step dilutions. For serial dilutions, you would need to perform multiple calculations.

Q3: What's the maximum accuracy of this calculation?
A: The calculator provides results with 4 decimal places, but practical accuracy depends on your measurement instruments.

Q4: Does this work for non-aqueous solutions?
A: The formula works for any solution where the solute is uniformly distributed, regardless of solvent.

Q5: What if my stock concentration is less than my desired concentration?
A: The formula will still calculate correctly, but you'll need to evaporate or concentrate your solution rather than dilute it.