1. What is the Sigma Dilution Formula?

The Sigma dilution formula calculates the final concentration of a solution after dilution. It's based on the principle of mass conservation, where the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Sigma dilution formula:

Where:

• \( C_f \) — Final concentration (mg/mL)
• \( C_i \) — Initial concentration (mg/mL)
• \( V_i \) — Initial volume (mL)
• \( V_f \) — Final volume (mL)

Explanation: The formula calculates the final concentration by multiplying the initial concentration by the ratio of initial to final volume.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential in laboratory settings, pharmaceutical preparations, and chemical experiments to achieve desired concentrations for various applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial concentration in mg/mL, initial volume in mL, and final volume in mL. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What if I need to calculate the dilution factor?
A: The dilution factor is calculated as \( \frac{V_f}{V_i} \), which represents how many times the original solution was diluted.

Q2: Can this formula be used for different concentration units?
A: Yes, as long as the units for initial and final concentration are the same (e.g., both mg/mL or both μg/mL).

Q3: What's the difference between dilution and concentration?
A: Dilution decreases concentration by adding solvent, while concentration increases concentration by removing solvent or adding solute.

Q4: How accurate are dilution calculations?
A: The calculations are mathematically precise, but practical accuracy depends on measurement precision and technique.

Q5: Can this calculator handle serial dilutions?
A: This calculator handles single dilutions. For serial dilutions, you would need to perform multiple calculations sequentially.