1. What is the Dilution Equation?

The dilution equation \( C_i V_i = C_f V_f \) describes the relationship between concentrations and volumes before and after dilution. It is fundamental in chemistry for preparing solutions of desired concentrations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution equation:

Where:

• \( C_i \) — Initial concentration (various units)
• \( V_i \) — Initial volume (L)
• \( C_f \) — Final concentration (various units)
• \( V_f \) — Final volume (L)

Explanation: The equation states that the product of initial concentration and volume equals the product of final concentration and volume after dilution.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential in laboratory settings, pharmaceutical preparations, and various industrial processes where precise concentrations are required.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all four values (initial concentration, initial volume, final concentration, final volume) in appropriate units. The calculator will verify if the equation holds true.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What units should I use for concentration?
A: The units for concentration should be consistent (e.g., mg/mL, M, %). The same unit must be used for both initial and final concentrations.

Q2: Can I use different volume units?
A: Yes, but you must use the same unit for both initial and final volumes (e.g., mL instead of L throughout).

Q3: What if I need to solve for one unknown?
A: Leave one field blank in the equation and the calculator will solve for that variable (implementation would require additional programming).

Q4: Does this work for serial dilutions?
A: The basic equation applies to single dilutions. For serial dilutions, the process must be calculated step by step.

Q5: Are there limitations to this equation?
A: The equation assumes ideal mixing and that the solute doesn't affect the solution volume significantly (valid for dilute solutions).